For the first time, UCSF scientists have accurately mapped how the IRE1α stress sensor, via RIDD, breaks down the identity of AT2 cells and triggers lung scarring. The experimental compound PAIR2 selectively dampens this mechanism and reduces fibrosis in mice, opening the way to targeted antifibrotic therapy.
Scientists from the Salk Institute and the University of Virginia have shown that targeted enhancement of pleiotrophins in astrocytes can improve synaptic plasticity and hippocampal function in a mouse model of Down syndrome, suggesting a new gene or protein therapy strategy that could one day facilitate learning and memory.
A new electrochemical method of bubble formation directly on transparent electrodes gently separates cells from substrates without enzymes and toxic coatings. This reduces fouling, prolongs work without downtime and accelerates the cultivation of microalgae for CO2 capture and the production of cell therapies and biological drugs.
A new interdisciplinary study shows that early hominids were exposed to lead millions of years before mining and that a tiny change in the NOVA1 gene could have mitigated neurotoxic effects. This, according to the authors, opened a space in Homo sapiens for the development of complex language and greater social cohesion.
SpectroGen introduces generative AI that from one spectrum (e.g. IR) creates reliable “virtual” Raman and XRD signatures, dramatically accelerating quality control. Factories and laboratories get faster decisions, lower costs and greater measurement coverage, with physics-based models and clear application limits.
Mit physicists have developed a global phase spectroscopy technique that reduces quantum noise and stabilizes the laser oscillator in optical atomic clocks. The method, demonstrated in itterbia, doubles the resolution of measurements and opens the way to stable, portable clocks for geoscience, communications and fundamental physics.