Airborne microplastics: health risks associated with cancers and fertility problems

In recent years, microplastics, small plastic particles smaller than five millimeters, have become a serious environmental and health problem. Research increasingly points to their presence not only in oceans and soil but also in the air we breathe every day. This invisible threat can have far-reaching consequences on human health, including an increased risk of lung and colon cancer, as well as fertility disorders in both men and women.

How do microplastics end up in the air?

The main sources of microplastics in the air come from everyday human activities. The wear of car tires during driving releases small plastic particles that easily enter the atmosphere. Similarly, plastic waste in landfills gradually breaks down into smaller particles that can be carried over long distances by wind. Industrial processes, including plastic production and processing, also contribute to the release of microplastics into the air.

Studies show that microplastic pollution is not limited to urban areas. Particles have been found even in remote mountain regions and polar areas, indicating their global reach. Winds and atmospheric currents facilitate the spread of microplastics across the planet, making it a problem that affects all people, regardless of their location.

Health consequences of microplastics

Inhalation of microplastics is linked to various health problems, some of which are potentially fatal. One of the most significant threats is chronic pneumonia, which can lead to the development of cancer. Furthermore, microplastics can carry toxic chemicals that further increase the risk of cell damage and genetic mutations.

Studies conducted on animals have shown that microplastics can penetrate the bloodstream and reach vital organs such as the liver, kidneys, and brain. This raises questions about potential systemic effects on human health, including hormonal imbalances and issues with the immune system. Long-term consequences of such pollution are still under investigation, but scientists warn of the urgent need for action.

Microplastics and fertility

In addition to respiratory diseases, microplastics can also affect reproductive health. Particles found in the air, water, and food are associated with a decline in fertility in both men and women. In men, studies indicate a reduction in the number and quality of sperm, while in women, microplastics may interfere with hormonal balance and increase the risk of complications during pregnancy.

What can we do?

To reduce the impact of microplastics on health and the environment, comprehensive measures need to be taken. This includes reducing plastic usage, promoting recycling, and implementing stricter air pollution regulations. Consumers can also contribute by choosing products without plastic microbeads and properly disposing of waste.

Given the scale of the problem, experts are calling for global action. Public education, increased funding for research, and the development of innovative solutions are crucial steps in the fight against microplastic pollution.

Source: University of California