Germany reintroduces military service amid rising security challenges

The German government has decided to reintroduce mandatory military service, motivated by the increasing security threats in Europe and around the world. This decision marks a significant turnaround in German defense policy, which suspended mandatory military service in 2011.

Historical context and reasons for the abolition of military service

Mandatory military service was an integral part of the German defense system from 1956 to 2011. During this period, millions of young men underwent military training, ensuring a steady replenishment of armed forces. However, following the end of the Cold War and the reduction of immediate military threats, the German government decided to suspend mandatory military service, transitioning to a professional army. This decision was based on the belief that professional armed forces would be more effective in addressing new security challenges.

Changed security situation in Europe

In recent years, Europe has faced a series of security challenges that have prompted a reassessment of defense strategies. Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014, conflicts in eastern Ukraine, and increased Russian military presence in the Baltic region have raised concerns among European countries. Additionally, the rise of terrorist threats and instability in the Middle East have further underscored the need to strengthen defense capabilities. In this context, Germany has recognized the need to increase the number of military personnel to respond to new challenges and fulfill its obligations within NATO.

Plans for reintroducing military service

According to announcements by German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius, the new model of military service will be adapted to modern needs. The introduction of selective mandatory service is planned, where all young men and women aged 18 will be invited to assess their abilities and motivation for service. It is expected that about 5-10% of them will be selected for a basic military service lasting six months, with the possibility of extending to 23 months for those who show special interest and abilities. The goal is to reach a figure of 203,000 soldiers by 2025, an increase from the current 181,000 members of the Bundeswehr.

Public and political reactions

The decision to reintroduce military service has sparked varied reactions in German society and among political parties. While some support this measure as necessary for strengthening national security, others express concerns about potential costs and impacts on youth. Opposition parties, such as the Greens and the Left, have criticized the plans, arguing that funds should be directed towards diplomacy and development projects. On the other hand, conservative parties support the return of military service, emphasizing its role in strengthening social cohesion and patriotism.

International context and comparisons

Germany is not the only European country considering or implementing the reintroduction of military service. Sweden reactivated mandatory military service in 2017, and similar discussions are taking place in other Nordic and Baltic countries. These states recognize the importance of maintaining adequate defense capabilities in light of changed security circumstances. Germany, as one of the leading European powers, sends a strong message through its actions about the importance of collective security and readiness to face new challenges.

The reintroduction of military service in Germany represents a significant shift in the country's defense policy. This decision reflects an awareness of changed security conditions and the need for adaptation to ensure national security and fulfill international obligations. While there are differing opinions on this measure, it is clear that Germany aims to strengthen its defense capabilities and be prepared to respond to future challenges.